Ljudsko izumiranje
Ljudsko izumiranje je hipotetički kraj ljudske vrste, bilo smanjenjem populacije zbog vanjskih prirodnih uzroka, kao što je udar asteroida ili vulkanizam velikih razmjera, ili putem antropogenog razaranja (samo-izumiranja), na primjer pod-zamjenskom plodnošću.
Neki od mnogih mogućih faktora koji doprinose antropogenoj opasnosti su klimatske promjene, globalno nuklearno uništenje, biološki rat, oružje za masovno uništenje i ekološki kolaps. Drugi scenariji su usmjereni na nove tehnologije, kao što su napredna umjetna inteligencija, biotehnologija ili nanobotovi koji se samorepliciraju.
Naučni konsenzus je da postoji relativno nizak rizik od skorog izumiranja ljudi zbog prirodnih uzroka.[2] [3] Međutim, vjerovatnoća izumiranja čovjeka kroz vlastite aktivnosti čovječanstva je trenutno područje istraživanja i debate.
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Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ↑ Di Mardi (15. 10. 2020). "The grim fate that could be 'worse than extinction'". BBC News. Pristupljeno 11. 11. 2020.
When we think of existential risks, events like nuclear war or asteroid impacts often come to mind.
- ↑ Snyder-Beattie, Andrew E.; Ord, Toby; Bonsall, Michael B. (30. 7. 2019). "An upper bound for the background rate of human extinction". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 11054. Bibcode:2019NatSR...911054S. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47540-7. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6667434. PMID 31363134.
- ↑ Bostrom 2013.
Vanjski linkovi i izvori
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Bostrom, Nick (2002). "Existential risks: analyzing human extinction scenarios and related hazards". Journal of Evolution and Technology. 9. ISSN 1541-0099.
- Bostrom, Nick; Cirkovic, Milan M. (29. 9. 2011) [Orig. July 3, 2008]. "1: Introduction". u Bostrom, Nick; Cirkovic, Milan M. (ured.). Global Catastrophic Risks. Oxford University Press. str. 1–30. ISBN 9780199606504. OCLC 740989645.
- Rampino, Michael R. "10: Super-volcanism and other geophysical processes of catastrophic import". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 205–221.
- Napier, William. "11: Hazards from comets and asteroids". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 222–237.
- Dar, Arnon. "12: Influence of Supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, solar flares, and cosmic rays on the terrestrial environment". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 238–262.
- Frame, David; Allen, Myles R. "13: Climate change and global risk". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 265–286.
- Kilbourne, Edwin Dennis. "14: Plagues and pandemics: past, present, and future". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 287–304.
- Yudkowsky, Eliezer. "15: Artificial Intelligence as a positive and negative factor in global risk". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 308–345.
- Wilczek, Frank. "16: Big troubles, imagined and real". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 346–362.
- Cirincione, Joseph. "18: The continuing threat of nuclear war". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 381–401.
- Ackerman, Gary; Potter, William C. "19: Catastrophic nuclear terrorism: a preventable peril". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 402–449.
- Nouri, Ali; Chyba, Christopher F. "20: Biotechnology and biosecurity". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 450–480.
- Phoenix, Chris; Treder, Mike. "21: Nanotechnology as global catastrophic risk". In Bostrom & Cirkovic (2011), pp. 481–503.
- Bostrom, Nick (2013). "Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority". Global Policy. 4 (1): 15–31. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12002. ISSN 1758-5899. [ PDF ]
- Leslie, John (1996). The End of the World: The Science and Ethics of Human Extinction. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415140430. OCLC 1158823437.
- Posner, Richard A. (11. 11. 2004). Catastrophe: Risk and Response. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-534639-8. OCLC 224729961.
- Rees, Martin J. (19. 3. 2003). Our Final Hour: A Scientist's Warning : how Terror, Error, and Environmental Disaster Threaten Humankind's Future in this Century--on Earth and Beyond. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-06862-3. OCLC 51315429.
