Indo-Grčko Kraljevstvo

Indo-Grčko Kraljevstvo
Stari vijek
	Položaj na karti
Glavni grad	Aleksandrija na Kavkazu; Sirkap/Taksila; Sagala/Sialkot; Pushkalavati/Peucela;
Religija	budizam; drevna grčka religija; hinduizam; zoroastrizam
Državno uređenje
Zakonodavstvo

Indo-Grčko Kraljevstvo je naziv za helenističku državu, odnosno grupu država i raznih političkih entiteta koji su u 2. i 1. vijeku p. n. e. postojali na području sjeverozapadnog i sjevernog dijela Indijskog podkontinenta.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] Nastalo je kada je Grčko-Baktrijsko kraljevstvo pod kraljem Demetrijem u prvoj polovini 2. vijeka p. n. e. napalo sjever tadašnje Indije. Noovosvojena područja su se, međutim, brzo otcijepila od Baktrije i stvorila novi politički entitet. Historijski i drugi izvori poznaju oko tridesetak indo-grčkih vladara od kojih su mnogi međusobno ratovali.

Indo-Grčko Kraljevstvo je bilo najkasnije stvorena, najistočnija, ali i najizoliranija od svih helenističkih država. Zahvaljujući tome je opstala, odnosno doživjela uspon i prosperitet u vrijeme kada je helenizam na zapadu doživljavao svoj sumrak. Za Indo-Grke je također bilo karakteristično da su s vremenom počeli prihvatati lokalnu hinduističku, ali i budističku kulturu; posljednje je zaslužno za pojavu grko-budizma.

Indo-Grčko Kraljevstvo je u političkom smislu prestalo postojati nakon najezde Indo-Skita godine 10. n. e. Vjeruje se da su određene indo-grčke zajednice slijedećih nekoliko godina opstale pod kušanskom vlašću.

Također pogledajte

Seleukidi

Reference

↑ Jackson J. Spielvogel (14 September 2016). Western Civilization: Volume A: To 1500. Cengage Learning. str. 96. ISBN 978-1-305-95281-2. The invasion of India by a Greco-Bactrian army in ... led to the creation of an Indo-Greek kingdom in northwestern India (present-day India and Pakistan).
↑ Erik Zürcher (1962). Buddhism: its origin and spread in words, maps, and pictures. St Martin's Press. str. 45. Three phases must be distinguished, (a) The Greek rulers of Bactria (the Oxus region) expand their power to the south, conquer Afghanistan and considerable parts of north-western India, and establish an Indo-Greek kingdom in the Panjab where they rule as 'kings of India'; i
↑ Heidi Roupp (4 March 2015). Teaching World History: A Resource Book. Routledge. str. 171. ISBN 978-1-317-45893-7. There were later Indo-Greek kingdoms in northwest India. ...
↑ Hermann Kulke; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). A History of India. Psychology Press. str. 74. ISBN 978-0-415-32919-4. They are referred to as 'Indo-Greeks' and there were about forty such kings and rulers who controlled large areas of northwestern India and Afghanistan. Their history ...
↑ Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Pratapaditya Pal (1986). Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700. University of California Press. str. 15. ISBN 978-0-520-05991-7. Since parts of their territories comprised northwestern India, these later rulers of Greek origin are generally referred to as Indo-Greeks.
↑ Joan Aruz; Elisabetta Valtz Fino (2012). Afghanistan: Forging Civilizations Along the Silk Road. Metropolitan Museum of Art. str. 42. ISBN 978-1-58839-452-1. The existence of Greek kingdoms in Central Asia and northwestern India after Alexander's conquests had been known for a long time from a few fragmentary texts from Greek and Latin classical sources and from allusions in contemporary Chinese chronicles and later Indian texts.

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[Spielvogel2016-1] Jackson J. Spielvogel (14 September 2016). Western Civilization: Volume A: To 1500. Cengage Learning. str. 96. ISBN 978-1-305-95281-2. The invasion of India by a Greco-Bactrian army in ... led to the creation of an Indo-Greek kingdom in northwestern India (present-day India and Pakistan).

[Zürcher1962-2] Erik Zürcher (1962). Buddhism: its origin and spread in words, maps, and pictures. St Martin's Press. str. 45. Three phases must be distinguished, (a) The Greek rulers of Bactria (the Oxus region) expand their power to the south, conquer Afghanistan and considerable parts of north-western India, and establish an Indo-Greek kingdom in the Panjab where they rule as 'kings of India'; i

[Roupp2015-3] Heidi Roupp (4 March 2015). Teaching World History: A Resource Book. Routledge. str. 171. ISBN 978-1-317-45893-7. There were later Indo-Greek kingdoms in northwest India. ...

[KulkeRothermund2004-4] Hermann Kulke; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). A History of India. Psychology Press. str. 74. ISBN 978-0-415-32919-4. They are referred to as 'Indo-Greeks' and there were about forty such kings and rulers who controlled large areas of northwestern India and Afghanistan. Their history ...

[ArtPal1986-5] Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Pratapaditya Pal (1986). Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700. University of California Press. str. 15. ISBN 978-0-520-05991-7. Since parts of their territories comprised northwestern India, these later rulers of Greek origin are generally referred to as Indo-Greeks.

[AruzFino2012-6] Joan Aruz; Elisabetta Valtz Fino (2012). Afghanistan: Forging Civilizations Along the Silk Road. Metropolitan Museum of Art. str. 42. ISBN 978-1-58839-452-1. The existence of Greek kingdoms in Central Asia and northwestern India after Alexander's conquests had been known for a long time from a few fragmentary texts from Greek and Latin classical sources and from allusions in contemporary Chinese chronicles and later Indian texts.

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