Zemljotres u Tangshanu 1976.
| Zemljotres u Tangšanu 1976. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Datum | A: 27. juli 1976. 19:42:55 B: 28. juli 1976. 10:45:36 |
| Jačina | A: 7,6 Mw; 7,6 Ms B: 7,0 Mw; 7,4 Ms |
| Dubina | A: 12.2 km B: 16.7 km |
| Lokacija epicentra | 39°38′N 118°06′E / 39.63°N 118.10°E 39°43′N 118°26′E / 39.72°N 118.44°E |
| Pogođene države | Narodna Republika Kina |
| Ukupna šteta | 10 milijardi kineskih juan |
| Max. intenzitet | XI (Ekstreman) |
| Žrtve | 242.419[1] |
Zemljotres u Tangšanu 1976., takođe poznat kao Veliki Tangšanski zemljotres (kineski: 唐山大地震, Tángshān dà dìzhèn),[2] bila je prirodna katastrofa usled zemljotresa od 7,6 Mw koji je 28. jula 1976. u 3:42 ujutro pogodio region oko Tangšana, u provinciji Hebei, u Narodnoj Republici Kini. Za nekoliko minuta grad Tangšan, industrijski grad sa oko milion stanovnika, prestao je da postoji. Osamdeset pet posto zgrada u gradu srušilo se ili je bilo neupotrebljivo, sve službe su propale, a većina drumskih i željezničkih mostova srušila se ili bila ozbiljno oštećena.[3] Najmanje 242.000 ljudi je umrlo (neki tvrde da je bilo tri puta više žrtvi), čineći ovo trećim (ili eventualno drugim) najsmrtonosnijim zemljotresom u zabeleženoj istoriji nakon zemljotresa u Shaanxiju 1556. godine, koji je i dalje najsmrtonosniji potres u istoriji.[4]
Tangšanska katastrofa je bila najistaknutija od nekoliko 1976. godine, što bi u kineskoj tradiciji moglo da signalizira da je vlada izgubila politički legitimitet.[5] Zemljotres u Tangšanu takođe se javio bez upozorenja, podrivajući ključni stav maoističke ideologije, da se zemljotresi mogu predvideti.[6] Uprkos tome, odgovor vlade pokazao je da je spremna i kompetentna za brzo pružanje pomoći.[7]
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ Xinhua News Agency, 29 July 2017; Chen et al. 1988
- ^ So-called by numerous sources, of which the voluminous work edited by Housner i He (2002) is the most notable.
- ^ Housner i He 2002, Prologue
- ^ See the #Death toll section for the various fatality figures.
- ^ Yeoh 2010, str. 273; Press et al. 1975, str. 879. Yeoh called the Tangshan earthquake "[p]robably one of the deadliest wraths of nature in modern times".
- ^ Cha 1976, str. 7
- ^ Raleigh et al. 1977, str. 259
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- Yao, Binghua (2002), "Earthquake Damage Distribution in the City of Beijing" (PDF), u Housner, George W.; He, Duxin (ured.), The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976, Volume 1, Pasadena, California: Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, str. 244–248
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|volume=sadrži dodatni tekst (pomoć). - Qian Gang. The Great China Earthquake. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press. Zemljotres u Tangshanu 1976..
- James Palmer (2011). Heaven Cracks, Earth Shakes: The Tangshan Earthquake and the Death of Mao's China. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-01478-1. (hardcover alk. paper) 9780465023493 (ebk. alk. paper).
Vanjski linkovi[uredi | uredi izvor]
 |
Commons ima datoteke na temu: Zemljotres u Tangshanu 1976. |
- "Integration of Public Administration and Earthquake Science: The Best Practice Case of Qinglong County" at GlobalWatch.org
- An isoseismal map (showing the different zones of shaking intensity) of the Tangshan earthquakeArhivirano 28. 11. 2020. na Wayback Machine
- Report on The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: English translation of an extensive Chinese report from 1986.
- Knotts, Joey (5. 12. 2019). "Beijing Tremors a Ghostly Reminder of Catastrophic 1976 Tangshan Quake". The Beijinger.
